توضیح 1
Observation: one learner, store, transaction, day, or other unit.
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درس 1 از 12
Turn raw records into a structured data set by identifying observations, variables, rows, columns, and data dimensionality.
Theory
A data set is a structured collection of observations and variables. In most business tables, each row is one observation and each column is one variable. Before calculating anything, a careful analyst asks what a row represents, what each variable measures, and whether the data answer one, two, or several questions.
توضیح 1
Observation: one learner, store, transaction, day, or other unit.
توضیح 2
Variable: one measured feature, label, count, or response.
توضیح 3
Multivariate data: several variables recorded for the same observations.
فعالیت تعاملی
| Observation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R001 | Video | 5 | 4.5 | |
| R002 | Practice | 4 | 3 | |
| R003 | Reading | 3 | 2 | |
| R004 | R lab | 5 | 5 |
Rows hold observations. Columns hold variables. A data set becomes useful when both are clearly defined.
ارتباط با R
Use R to create a small data frame and inspect its structure before analysis.
Live R Lab
Create a small learner survey data frame and inspect its rows, columns, names, structure, and first rows.
Ready to run
مثال حلشده
سناریو
A platform exports one row per respondent with account type, rating, study hours, modules completed, and response time.
Good summaries start with a clear unit of analysis.
دستیار
Help me identify observations, variables, and dimensionality in the current Module 2 data matrix without giving me a quiz answer.
ارزیابی پایانی